The Ottoman Caliphate

The fact that at that time the clan had a chief, he might become the one, but this doesn't mean that he has to succeed.

- OTHMAN;

- OHRAN;

- MURAD: he was entering Europe, but he didn’t win against the Byzantines;

- BAYAZID;

- MEHEMET III:

• in 1453 he conquered Constantinople;
• he limited nomad rades to control the territory;
• under his ruling, religious and ethnic minorities coexisted;

• he was “the glory of the empire”;
• he expanded to Azerbaijan;
• the great vizir power came to an end;
• he organized a modern central legal system, but it was still an Islamic system because a judge had approved it. It was written by the sultan according to the needs of the country;

• he received strong influence from Europe;
• he imported thousands of tulips from Holland to decorate the streets of Istanbul;
• under him there was an important military reform: it was introduced after asking expert from the German army to teach the young soldiers. He understood that the classical arm systems was no more able to win against the system of Europeans. Until when there was the expansion of the empire, you could get a lot of crops to feed the army; but by the moment this expansion stopped, he understood that it had to be changed